ART THERAPY ON THE MAPTHE STATE OF ART THERAPY IN GERMANY |
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- BA / MA courses in art therapy are taught at universities/universities of applied sciences; Association-recognized, privately-certified training courses require a university degree as an entry requirement or are based on the legal requirements of other health professions (occupational therapy, physiotherapy, etc.).
In the opinion of the DFKGT, a purely artistic or occupational therapy training does not meet the requirements for providing an art therapy services (especially with regard to patient protection). The acquired skills differ considerably. Neither practical experience from a psychodynamic / aesthetic point of view nor process / patient-related self-experience is intended. (cf. 43rd DFKGT Membership Newsletter 2017, p. 31)
- A minimum standard of 1470 teaching hours is set as the starting point for a DFKGT-recognized training in art
a) 800 teaching hours
b) 670 work units internship
Entrance requirement is an university entrance qualification (or equivalent or preliminary studies).
The required teaching hours are to be understood as presence hours in the context of courses (lectures, seminars, etc.) at the training institute with present teaching staff.
They are divided into the following topics:
- therapeutic methodology,
- art therapy methodology,
- general theory /related sciences,
- art therapy theory,
- artistic practice,
- self-awareness and
- supervision.
student work groups, etc. do not count towards presence time and are therefore not counted towards the minimum
number of hours of the DFKGT training standards.
Self-study is assumed to be compulsory to the extent of at least 1/3 of the total scope of the training.
The internship includes the practical deepening of knowledge and skills acquired in training. It has to be connected
with the teaching content through preparation, supervision, evaluation and must be included in the training period.
Art therapy internships must be completed in at least two different areas, one of them in a clinical setting (100 hours
of self-reliant work).
A written thesis based on scientific criteria is mandatory.
There is no direct professional regulation in Germany.
There are currently only indirectly defined requirements for the qualification of art therapists in Germany for the institutional clinical area.
Information on the level of training can be found in the official catalog of measures for inpatient care (OPS, https://www.dimdi.de/dynamic/de/klassifikation/ops/). There, the qualification at the level of a “special therapist” is
provided for the use of art therapy in mental / psychosomatic disorders in adults and children (cf. OPS 2017, paragraphs 9-60ff, paragraphs 9-65ff).
As another indication of qualification, the “Classification of Therapeutic Achievements in Rehabilitation” (KTL) can be used. Chapter “F Clinical Psychology, Neuropsychology” (code numbers F68-F70) defines a university education for the provision of art therapy services (KTL / DRV 2015, p.163-165, see https://www.deutsche- rentenversicherung.de/DRV/DE/Experten/Infos-fuer-Reha-Einrichtungen/Klassierungen-und-
Dokumentationslösungen/ classifications_dokumentationshilfe.html).
On this basis, in most clinical institutions, the skill level of art therapists is compared with that of other “special therapists” (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, etc.), likewise in the department of health professions of the DGPPN (https: //www.dgppn.de/die-dgppn/referate/gesundheitsfachberufe.html), which is the largest medical scientific specialist society in Germany.
In the clinical area, the financing of art therapy is ensured by the health insurances.
In the context of a freelance art therapy offer (own studio / own practice), billing with a health insurance company is
usually not possible.
In order to treat patients, a permit for curative treatment is also necessary; art therapists often choose the route via
the "alternative practitioner", a special legal regulation in Germany. (Erlangung einer Erlaubnis zur Ausübung der
Heilkunde nach dem Heilpraktikergesetz, eingeschränkt auf das Gebiet der Psychotherapie, https://www.gesetze-im-
internet.de/heilprg/BJNR002510939.html).
There are currently only indirectly defined requirements for the qualification of art therapists in Germany for the institutional clinical area.
Information on the level of training can be found in the official catalog of measures for inpatient care (OPS, https://www.dimdi.de/dynamic/de/klassifikation/ops/). There, the qualification at the level of a “special therapist” is
provided for the use of art therapy in mental / psychosomatic disorders in adults and children (cf. OPS 2017, paragraphs 9-60ff, paragraphs 9-65ff).
As another indication of qualification, the “Classification of Therapeutic Achievements in Rehabilitation” (KTL) can be used. Chapter “F Clinical Psychology, Neuropsychology” (code numbers F68-F70) defines a university education for the provision of art therapy services (KTL / DRV 2015, p.163-165, see https://www.deutsche- rentenversicherung.de/DRV/DE/Experten/Infos-fuer-Reha-Einrichtungen/Klassierungen-und-
Dokumentationslösungen/ classifications_dokumentationshilfe.html).
On this basis, in most clinical institutions, the skill level of art therapists is compared with that of other “special therapists” (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, etc.), likewise in the department of health professions of the DGPPN (https: //www.dgppn.de/die-dgppn/referate/gesundheitsfachberufe.html), which is the largest medical scientific specialist society in Germany.
In the clinical area, the financing of art therapy is ensured by the health insurances.
In the context of a freelance art therapy offer (own studio / own practice), billing with a health insurance company is
usually not possible.
In order to treat patients, a permit for curative treatment is also necessary; art therapists often choose the route via
the "alternative practitioner", a special legal regulation in Germany. (Erlangung einer Erlaubnis zur Ausübung der
Heilkunde nach dem Heilpraktikergesetz, eingeschränkt auf das Gebiet der Psychotherapie, https://www.gesetze-im-
internet.de/heilprg/BJNR002510939.html).
Art therapists work in curative, rehabilitative, preventive areas, as well as in aftercare and palliative care.
They work with people of all ages.
Within the framework of existing legal regulations, they treat people in the inpatient area and in the outpatient context:
Patients with somatic, psychological, psychosomatic and psychiatric illnesses. People in crisis and conflict situations, as well as physical and psychosocial impairments, developmental disorders an disabilities.
Specific fields of activity are:
• Acute and curative treatment in psychiatry, psychosomatics and somatics
• Rehabilitation / aftercare
• Palliative medicine
• Child and Youth Services
• Prevention and support measures
• Participation
(see https://bagkt.de/informationen/konsenspapier/)
They work with people of all ages.
Within the framework of existing legal regulations, they treat people in the inpatient area and in the outpatient context:
Patients with somatic, psychological, psychosomatic and psychiatric illnesses. People in crisis and conflict situations, as well as physical and psychosocial impairments, developmental disorders an disabilities.
Specific fields of activity are:
• Acute and curative treatment in psychiatry, psychosomatics and somatics
• Rehabilitation / aftercare
• Palliative medicine
• Child and Youth Services
• Prevention and support measures
• Participation
(see https://bagkt.de/informationen/konsenspapier/)
- Kunst & Therapie - Zeitschrift für Bildnerische Therapien, Claus Richter Verlag, Köln
- Journal of Arts Therapies -Zeitschrift für Kunst-, Musik-, Tanz-, Theater- und Poesietherapie, WFKT - Wissenschaftliche Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (Hrsg.)
Treatment guidelines of German scientific medical societies are systematically developed aids for medical staff to make decisions in specific situations. They are based on current scientific knowledge and methods that have been tried and tested in practice and ensure more safety in medicine. Economic aspects are also taken into account.
(see https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien.html)
Art Therapies are currently included in guidelines for the following treatment areas (as of May 2021):
Adult psychiatry:
- Diagnosis and therapy of bipolar disorders
- Dementia
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Psychosocial therapies for severe mental illness
- Schizophrenia
- Registered guideline procedure obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Anxiety disorders
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry:
- Treatment of depressive disorder in children and adolescents
Oncology / adults, children and adolescents:
- Diagnosis, therapy and follow-up care for endometrial cancer
- Prevention, diagnosis, therapy and follow-up care for lung cancer
- Early detection, diagnosis, therapy and follow-up care for breast cancer
- Extended S3 guideline on palliative medicine for patients with incurable cancer
- Psychosocial care in pediatric oncology and hematology
Psychosomatics, pain and sleep disorders
- Definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy of fibromyalgia syndrome
- Functional body ailments
- Unrefreshing sleep / insomnia - Insomnia in adults
Neurology
- Parkinson's syndrome, idiopathic
- Rehabilitation therapy for arm paresis after a stroke
- Stroke
Alcohol-related disorders
- Screening, diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-related disorders
Autism
- Autism spectrum disorders in children, adolescents and adults. Part 2: Therapy
